Free Guide · Updated June 2026

Understanding HMRC TRE
Trade Reporting & Extracting

Everything UK importers need to know about HMRC's free data service — what it is, how to access it, what the March 2026 deadline means for your business, and how to convert raw TRE data into actionable compliance.

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8-page guide · Free · No registration required

£0
Cost of TRE access
£960+
Previous CDS MSS cost/yr
31 Mar 2026
All MSS contracts expire
4–6 yrs
HMRC audit window

Contents

01What is HMRC TRE?02What data does TRE provide?03How to access TRE04What you can do with TRE data05The 4-year HMRC audit window06TRE + HC Customs integration
Section 01

What is HMRC TRE?

TRE — Trade Reporting and Extracting — is HMRC's new free online service that gives UK importers and exporters direct access to their full customs declaration history. It replaces the paid Customs Declaration Service Management Support System (CDS MSS) and the legacy CHIEF data request processes.

TRE is accessible using your existing Government Gateway login and EORI number. There is no subscription fee, no contract required, and no separate application process beyond CDS registration.

Feature
CDS MSS (Old)
TRE (New)
Cost
£960+VAT/year
Free
Access method
Paid HMRC contract
Government Gateway + EORI
Data coverage
CDS only
CDS + CHIEF (full history)
Output format
CSV reports
CSV / Excel
Contract deadline
Expires 31 March 2026
Mandatory from April 2026
API access
Available (paid)
Expected by 2026
March 2026 deadline

All existing CDS MSS contracts expire on 31 March 2026. After this date, TRE is the only HMRC-provided route to free customs data. Businesses that have not transitioned will lose access to their CDS data feeds with no fallback.

Section 02

What data does TRE provide?

TRE provides access to four standard report types covering import and export declarations from both CHIEF and CDS. Each covers a different level of detail:

Import Header

One row per import declaration. Contains MRN, acceptance date, EORI, procedure code, customs value, total duty and VAT.

MRN · Date · EORI · Procedure Code · Customs Value · Duty · VAT

Import Item

One row per commodity line. Contains item-level detail including HS code, goods description, origin country, quantity and net mass.

MRN · Item No. · Commodity Code · Description · Origin · Quantity

Tax Lines

Detailed duty and tax breakdown per declaration. Shows the specific duty type codes and exact amounts charged for each tax.

MRN · Tax Type · Duty Amount · VAT Amount · Payment Method

Export

Export declarations and movements. Contains destination country, commodity code, declared value and export MRN for cross-referencing.

MRN · Export Date · Destination · Commodity · Declared Value

HC Customs TRE importer supports all formats

The HC Customs TRE import tool automatically detects column names from all four report types. Upload any TRE CSV and it will be mapped correctly — no reformatting required.

Section 03

How to access TRE

You will need a Government Gateway account with CDS enrolled and a valid EORI number. The process takes around 10–15 minutes for a first-time user.

01

Log in to Government Gateway

Visit gov.uk and sign in to your business tax account. If you do not have a Government Gateway account, create one at gateway.gov.uk — you will need your business UTR or company registration number.

02

Ensure CDS enrolment

Your account must be enrolled in the Customs Declaration Service. If not yet enrolled, apply at gov.uk/guidance/get-access-to-the-customs-declaration-service. Approval is typically granted within 5 working days.

03

Navigate to TRE

Search for "Trade Reporting and Extracting" in your HMRC services, or access it directly under Customs services in your business tax account dashboard.

04

Select report type and date range

Choose from Import Header, Import Item, Tax Lines, or Export. Select your date range — we recommend requesting at least 4 years to cover your full HMRC audit window.

05

Download your CSV

Submit the request. Larger date ranges may take up to 48 hours to prepare. Download the CSV or Excel file when it is ready.

06

Import into HC Customs

Upload your downloaded file to HC Customs at compliance.hc-customs.com/dashboard/tre-import. We import every declaration and immediately run duty anomaly detection, FTA preference scanning, and audit readiness scoring.

Section 04

What you can do with TRE data

Raw TRE data is a starting point, not a compliance solution. A CSV of declarations tells you what was declared — it does not tell you whether duty was correctly calculated, whether FTA preferences were applied, or whether documentation is audit-ready. Here is what each use case requires:

Identify overpaid duty
Compare declared duty rate per commodity against expected MFN or preferential rates
Duty Anomaly Detection + C285 Generator
Recover missed FTA preferences
Find declarations from FTA partner countries where MFN rate was charged instead of preference
Missed Preferences — Duty Recovery
Audit defence preparation
Verify each MRN has supporting documents, correct incoterm, and CIF value matching CDS records
Audit Defence — evidence pack per MRN
CDS reconciliation
Cross-reference declared customs values against HMRC CDS records to identify discrepancies
Reconciliation & Docs
IP/OP compliance
Identify 51xx/54xx entries with open discharge obligations or missed deadlines
IP/OP Inventory — deadline tracking
4-year record retention
Track which declarations fall within the HMRC audit window and which documents are on file
Audit Defence — retention timeline
Section 05

The 4-year HMRC audit window

Under HMRC Notice 12A, HMRC can raise an assessment for under-declared customs duty or VAT at importation for up to 4 years after the date of acceptance of the declaration. For IP/OP (Inward/Outward Processing) entries — procedure codes 51xx and 54xx — records must be retained for 4 years from the date of discharge of the authorisation.

This means a TRE export covering 4 years of import history represents your entire current liability window. Every declaration in that file should have verifiable supporting documentation.

Commercial Invoice
Must reflect the CIF customs value as declared
Transport Document
Bill of Lading, Air Waybill, CMR or CIM
Duty Rate Evidence
FTA origin proof or MFN classification rationale
Broker Instructions
CCI recording what procedure code you requested
IP/OP Discharge
BoD3 and evidence of goods discharged within deadline
C285 claim deadlines

C285 claims for overpaid duty (re-export drawback, missed preferences) must be submitted within 3 years of the export date (drawback) or original import date (missed preference). Use your TRE data to identify claimable declarations before these deadlines pass.

Section 06

TRE + HC Customs integration

HC Customs is built to convert raw TRE data into a compliance-ready evidence base. Here is what happens from the moment you upload your TRE CSV:

1

Automatic TRE CSV import

Drag-and-drop upload at /dashboard/tre-import. HC Customs detects all TRE column formats automatically and imports every declaration into your compliance dashboard. No reformatting required. Upserts by MRN — safe to re-upload without duplicating.

2

Duty anomaly detection

Every imported declaration is analysed for its effective duty rate (total duty ÷ customs value). Declarations with rates significantly above your portfolio median are flagged in the Reconciliation page as potential overpayment candidates.

3

FTA missed preference scanning

TRE data is scanned against a database of UK FTA partner countries. Declarations from countries covered by UK FTAs (Japan, Canada, Australia, Turkey, etc.) where full MFN duty was charged are flagged with estimated C285 recovery values.

4

Audit defence evidence packs

For every MRN in your TRE data, HC Customs generates an HMRC-aligned audit readiness score, tracks which supporting documents are on file, and produces a one-click PDF evidence pack with retention deadlines.

5

TRE readiness score

A live checklist in the Audit Defence section tracks your March 2026 readiness across five dimensions: declarations imported, TRE data loaded, overpayments scanned, documents uploaded, and IP/OP obligations cleared.

6

CDS reconciliation

TRE data is cross-referenced against your live HMRC CDS connection (where authorised) to identify discrepancies between what you declared and what HMRC recorded — with a structured explanation and audit trail.

Ready to turn your TRE data into compliance?

Upload your TRE CSV and get a duty recovery analysis, audit readiness score, and C285 opportunities in under 2 minutes. 30-day free trial, no credit card.

Start free trial — upload TRE file
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